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Russia lost the war back in 2022. In 2023, Ukraine lacked the resources to advance towards the Sea of Azov and highlight Putin's defeat last year.
1) The military campaign on land ended in a conditional draw. The front line did not undergo a strategic shift in any direction. Ukrainian troops were able to liberate part of the territories, and showed that with limited resources they are capable of overcoming Russian defensive lines (well equipped). The troops of the Russian Federation had little progress, although they had an advantage over the Ukrainian troops in terms of ammunition and weapons. The war on land showed that the Ukrainian forces had insufficient resources to conduct a large-scale offensive operation (personnel, equipment, ammunition, equipment).
2) Military and technical progress.
- Ukraine has demonstrated the ability to hit objects at a considerable distance deep in the territory of the Russian Federation, but it is not yet capable of carrying out the same number of airstrikes that Russian troops are capable of carrying out.
- Ukraine received weapons to drive the Russian fleet into ports, significantly push it out of Crimea, and make it dangerous for it to stay in the open sea.
- Successful attacks on the Kerch Bridge, Russian targets throughout Crimea became achievable.
- Thanks to help from allies and own developments, Ukraine has made the sky in the south more dangerous for Russian tactical aviation. Russian objects on the territory of 4 oblasts became accessible for Ukrainian strikes.
3) The collapse of the «grain agreement», after which Ukraine, with the help of allies, was able to partially transfer its maritime exports, strengthening air defense and driving the Russian fleet to the very northeastern corner of the Black Sea. Ukrainian grain initiative for countries that have problems with food.
4) At the summit on December 14, the European Union made an epoch-making decision to start accession negotiations with Ukraine. Another decision is of great historical importance, because it was an answer to Putin that Europe will not leave Ukraine without comprehensive help in repelling Russian armed aggression. The EU has shown Russia that Orban is no longer an obstacle to block decisions in the Ukrainian direction.
Hungarian Prime Minister V. Orban himself suffered a geopolitical defeat on December 14, as he found himself alone and under unprecedented emotional public criticism from the governments of many European states.
5) Germany increased aid for Ukraine, the states of Northern Europe demonstrated consolidated support.
6) Several important events took place in relations with the USA. The two visits of President Zelensky contributed to the expansion and improvement of communication with American legislators and arms manufacturers. The majority of the Senate and the House of Representatives are in favor of further support for Ukraine, but due to the issue of the southern border and migration policy, the aid package has not been approved (also aid packages to other states and the US budget have not been approved). But this is a temporary complication.
7) Expansion of the geography of Ukraine's foreign policy at the expense of Africa and Latin America. Increasing the number of participants in consultations on the «peace formula».
8) Trade complications in relations with Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria due to agricultural exports. Some of the problems have been solved or removed.